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Brown's Arkansas Battery
The Brown's Arkansas Artillery Battery (1862–1863) was a Confederate Army artillery battery during the American Civil War. Also known as: the Newton Artillery. The battery operated in the Confederate Department of the Trans-Mississippi for its entire existence.
==Organization==
When General Thomas C. Hindman arrived in Arkansas in late May, 1862 to assume command of the new Trans-Mississippi District, he found almost nothing to command. He quickly began organizing new regiments, but his most pressing need was for arms for the new forces he was organizing, including the artillery. One of his first acts was to order General Albert Pike, commanding the Indian Territory, to return Woodruff's Battery, also known as the Weaver Light Artillery to Arkansas. Louis W. Brown first had been elected Second Lieutenant in Capatin William E. Woodruff's militia battery, then known as the Totten Light Artillery〔Howerton, Bryan R. "Pulaski Light Artillery", Edward G. Gerdes Civil War Page, Pulaski Light Artillery, Accessed January 30, 2011, http://www.couchgenweb.com/civilwar/pla-hist.html〕 on December 20, 1860,〔OLD-LINE DEMOCRAT, LITTLE ROCK, October 18, 1860, p. 3, c. 2–3, Accessed February 2, 2011, http://www.uttyler.edu/vbetts/little_rock_old-line_democrat.htm〕〔The National Archives Publication Number: M317, Publication Title: Compiled Service Records of Confederate Soldiers Who Served in Organizations from the State of Arkansas, Content Source: NARA, National Archives Catalog ID: 586957, Record Group: 109, State: Arkansas, Short Description: NARA M317. Compiled service records of Confederate soldiers from Arkansas units, Roll: 0131, Military Unit: Thirteenth Infantry, S-Y AND Thirteenth Militia, Accessed 23 February 2013, http://www.fold3.com/image/#223417771〕 and he was still serving as a Lieutenant in Woodruff's battery at the time of this transfer. Woodruff's Battery was utilized to provide the officer cadre for several new batteries in the summer of 1862. Brown was promoted to Captain and ordered to command a battery to be organized from details from the infantry regiments of Brigadier General James H. McBride's brigade.〔Howerton, Bryan R. "Re: Brown's battery", Arkansas in the Civil War Message Board, Posted 30 March 2005, Accessed 21 December 2012, http://history-sites.com/cgi-bin/bbs53x/arcwmb/arch_config.pl?read=9964〕
William J. Leonard was appointed Jr 1st Lieutenant of Captain Brown's Artillery Company by Special Order No. 69, effective July 17, 1862. Another former member of Woodruff's battery, Sergeant Henry Halliburton〔The National Archives Publication Number: M317, Publication Title: Compiled Service Records of Confederate Soldiers Who Served in Organizations from the State of Arkansas, Content Source: NARA, National Archives Catalog ID: 586957, Record Group: 109, State: Arkansas Short Description: NARA M317. Compiled service records of Confederate soldiers from Arkansas units, Roll: 0040, Military Unit: Marshall's Battery, Light Artillery AND Owen's Battery, Light Artillery Accessed 23 February 2013, http://www.fold3.com/image/#198847573〕 was promoted to serve as Second Lieutenant of Captain Brown's battery.〔Hoerton, Bryan R. "Brown's Battery", Arakansas in the Civil War Message Board, Posted 2/11/2011, Accessed 24 February 2013, http://history-sites.com/cgi-bin/bbs62x/arcwmb/webbbs_config.pl?md=read;id=23311〕〔The National Archives Publication Number: M317, Publication Title: Compiled Service Records of Confederate Soldiers Who Served in Organizations from the State of Arkansas, Content Source: NARA, National Archives Catalog ID: 586957 National Archives Catalog Title: Carded Records Showing Military Service of Soldiers Who Fought in Confederate Organizations , compiled 1903 - 1927, documenting the period 1861 - 1865, Record Group: 109, State: Arkansas, Roll: 0255, Military Unit: Miscellaneous, Arkansas, A-I〕
Little is known of this battery, except that it was named the "Newton Artillery" in honor of Col. Robert Crittenden Newton.〔Howerton, Bryan R. "Re: Brown's battery", Arkansas in the Civil War Message Board, Posted 30 March 2005, Accessed 21 December 2012, http://history-sites.com/cgi-bin/bbs53x/arcwmb/arch_config.pl?read=9954〕 No muster rolls have ever been located. Historians have assembled a roster of thirty four unit members by examining the muster rolls of the regiments which detailed men to the battery.〔Hoerton, Bryan R. "Brown's Battery", Arakansas in the Civil War Message Board, Posted 2/11/2011, Accessed 24 February 2013, http://history-sites.com/cgi-bin/bbs62x/arcwmb/webbbs_config.pl?md=read;id=23311〕 Most of the thirty-four names which appear in the National Archives records under Brown's Arkansas Battery also can be found in the 27th Arkansas Regiment. Six each came from Companies "G" and "I"; another five were assigned from Company "F". Others appear to be from Companies "A", "B", "C", "E", "H" and "K".〔Pitts, Allen, "Re: Brown's battery", Arkansas in the Civil War Message Board, Posted 23 October 2006, Accessed 21 December 2012, http://history-sites.com/cgi-bin/bbs53x/arcwmb/arch_config.pl?read=13795〕 Several Missouri men from Co B, Matlock's Ark Regiment, joined the battery. They previously had been members of Jeffers' Mo Independent Cavalry Company, the Swamp Rangers. One of them, Joseph Coker, later wrote a short paper, which is part of the Thomas Ewing Family Papers, Library of Congress.〔Thomas Ewing Family Papers, Library of Congress, Accessed 4 March 2013, http://memory.loc.gov/service/mss/eadxmlmss/eadpdfmss/2005/ms005009.pdf〕 Cooker traces some of his experiences during the war, including a little on his service in Brown's Battery.〔McGhee,Jim "Re: Brown's battery", Arkansas in the Civil War Message Board, Posted 30 March 2005, Accessed 21 December 2012, http://history-sites.com/cgi-bin/bbs53x/arcwmb/arch_config.pl?read=9958〕 The transfer of men from the 26th Arkansas to Brown's Battery was made permanent "by order of Gen. Hindman" as of August 12, 1862. This was also the date that transfers of men to other batteries (Hart's, etc.) were made permanent. It is also, coincidentally, the date of a reorganization of regiments in Arkansas in which new elections of officers were held, and some companies were shifted around, consolidated, etc.〔Howerton, Bryan R. "Attn: Bob Meeks, re Artillery Transfers", Arkansas in the Civil War Message Board, Posted 2 May 2007, Accessed 21 December 2012, http://history-sites.com/cgi-bin/bbs53x/arcwmb/webbbs_config.pl?noframes;read=15501〕
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